In masonry construction, arches have several great advantages over horizontal beams, or lintels. The curve in an arch may be semicircular, segmental (consisting of less than one-half of a circle), or pointed (two intersecting arcs of a circle) noncircular curves can also be used successfully. During construction of an arch, the voussoirs require support from below until the keystone has been set in place this support usually takes the form of temporary wooden centring. The point from which the arch rises from its vertical supports is known as the spring, or springing line. The central voussoir is called the keystone. Each voussoir must be precisely cut so that it presses firmly against the surface of neighbouring blocks and conducts loads uniformly. If a series of wedge-shaped blocks-i.e., ones in which the upper edge is wider than the lower edge-are set flank to flank in the manner shown in the figure, the result is an arch. The arch formed the basis for the evolution of the vault.Īrch construction depends essentially on the wedge. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!Īrch, in architecture and civil engineering, a curved member that is used to span an opening and to support loads from above.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.
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